For many, the hot-dry season in the Philippines—commonly called "summer"—is a time for vacations, outdoor fun, and relaxation. But for people with asthma, rising temperatures can mean something else entirely: worsening symptoms, increased flare-ups, and even hospital visits.
If you've ever noticed that breathing becomes harder on hot and humid days, you're not alone. Studies show that extreme heat can trigger asthma attacks and lead to increased emergency department visits and even admissions.
How Hot Weather Triggers Asthma
Heat itself doesn’t cause asthma, but it can make symptoms worse in several ways. Here’s why:
• Hot, dry air can irritate the airways, causing them to tighten and making it harder to breathe.
• Humidity increases the risk of mold and dust mites which are both common asthma triggers.
• Air pollution levels rise with heat, as high temperatures trap ozone and other pollutants close to the ground.
• Heat causes stagnant air, allowing pollen, smoke, and dust to linger longer in the atmosphere
The combination of these environmental factors can create a perfect storm for respiratory distress, especially for people whose asthma is sensitive to weather changes.
While not everyone with asthma is affected by heat, those who are may experience more frequent wheezing, shortness of breath, and chest tightness. These episodes—often called asthma attacks, exacerbations, or flare-ups—can range from mild to life-threatening.
Tips to Prevent Asthma Flare-Ups in the Heat
Here are some practical ways to manage asthma and reduce the risk of flare-ups in hot weather:
1. Monitor Air Quality Before Going Outside
Check the air quality index (AQI) in your area before heading outdoors. High levels of pollution, pollen, or humidity can make breathing more difficult. Many weather apps and websites provide real-time air quality updates. If pollution or pollen counts are high, it’s best to limit outdoor activities.
If you must really go outside, consider wearing a light mask or scarf outdoors to filter dust and pollutants, and avoid main roads and busy streets where air pollution is highest.
2. Stay Cool Indoors
On extremely hot days, stay in an air-conditioned space whenever possible. If you don’t have air conditioning, try:
• Staying in the coolest part of your home (such as a basement)
• Visiting air-conditioned public places like malls.
• Using fans and cold compresses to cool down if air conditioning isn’t available.
If you need to be outside, take frequent breaks in the shade or an air-conditioned space to prevent overheating.
3. Avoid Peak Heat Hours
The hottest part of the day is usually between 11 AM and 3 PM. If you need to exercise or run errands, try doing so early in the morning or later in the evening when temperatures are lower. This helps reduce exposure to both heat and air pollution, which tend to peak in the afternoon.
4. Stay Hydrated
Drinking enough water is vital, as dehydration can make mucus thicker, making it harder to clear your lungs. Aim for at least 8 glasses of water a day, and more if you’re sweating. Avoid caffeinated and sugary drinks, as they can contribute to dehydration.
5. Use Your Asthma Medication as Prescribed
If you have asthma, always carry your quick-relief (rescue) inhaler with you, especially in hot weather. If you use a controller inhaler (such as corticosteroids), continue taking it as prescribed, even if you feel fine. This helps keep inflammation in check and reduces the risk of sudden flare-ups.
6. Keep Your Home Allergen-Free
Dust, pet dander, and mold thrive in warm, humid conditions. Use a dehumidifier or air purifier to keep your indoor air clean. To keep your home asthma-friendly:
• Use a dehumidifier or air purifier to maintain clean indoor air.
• Wash bedding regularly in hot water to remove dust mites.
• Vacuum frequently to reduce allergens in carpets and furniture.
7. Recognize Early Symptoms
Catching symptoms early can prevent a mild reaction from turning into a serious asthma attack. Watch out for:
• Increased coughing or wheezing
• Shortness of breath
• Tightness in the chest
• Excess mucus production
If you notice these symptoms, use your inhaler as directed to prevent worsening.
Bottomline:
Hot weather can be challenging for people with asthma, but it doesn’t mean you have to avoid outdoor activities completely. By following the tips we have provided, you can enjoy summer while minimizing flare-ups.
If you find your asthma getting worse in the heat, talk to your doctor about adjusting your treatment plan.
References:
• https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC10245140/
• https://www.asthmaandlung.org.uk/living-with/hot-weather
• https://www.lung.org/blog/asthma-heat-triggers
• https://allergyasthmanetwork.org/news/summer-asthma-and-warm-weather/
• https://aafa.org/asthma/asthma-triggers-causes/weather-triggers-asthma/
• https://www.nationalasthma.org.au/living-with-asthma/resources/patients-carers/factsheets/healthy-in-the-heat